The Bruniquel cave has been known since 1990, when it was discovered by a 15-year-old boy. It has been studied since then, but only on May 2016 a great discovery in archaeology was announced. The new information is that the date of the circular structure made of stalagmite found inside the cave, at first considered to be 47,600 years ago, has been changed to 176,000 years ago. Therefore, it could only be considered as a Neanderthal's work. In this article, we intend to discuss the discovery's importance to humanities and sciences, with complex thoughts about the first manifestations of myths. We will try to present the issue through an anthropological structuralism approach, although the Bruniquel find has not been associated with a human creature in a strict sense.